Bullet



March 8, 1938. E. G. T.. GERLlcH 2,110,264

BULLET Filed Oct. 29, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. I. Fig. 2.

19 Figj March 8, 1938. H, E, G, T GERLICH 2,110,264

, BULLET Filed Oct. 29, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 14 mma-wrm Mami? 8 1938.H. E. G. T. Gl-:RLlcH 2,110,264

BULLET l Filed Oct. 29, 1955 4 Sheets-Sm et 4 Fig. 19.

Fig, 20.

Fig. 21.

mP/VEY @i114 LM Patented Mar. 1938 UNITED STATES FATENT- ori-ica2,110,264 BULLET Application October" 29, 1935, Serial No. 47,331 InYugoslavia November 3, 1934 16 Claims.

This invention relates to projectiles to be red from projectilepropelling apparatus generally, particularly rifles, cannons, aircraftguns and so forth, such as are used in military work. 'I'he invention isalso applicable to sporting arms.

The invention is especially applicable for use with projectilepropelling apparatus of the known form in which the cross sectional areaof the barrel is greater adjacent the breech chamber than it is at themuzzle .of the-barrel, and in which the cross sectional area decreasesto the smaller area in a gradual taper or curve.

A barrel for projectile propelling apparatus having ,thesecharacteristics was described in l5 prior Patent No. 1,944,883 whichalso described how the bore could be very considerably enlarged at thebreech chamber end in comparison with the bore at the muzzle end of thebarrel, and enlargements of from say to 200 percent or 20 more of thecross sectional area were contemplated.

Prior Patent No. 1,944,883 also explained how the enlarged breechchamber end of the barrel might be maintained cylindrical orsubstantially cylindrical throughout that length of the barrel overwhlchthe maximum gas pressures operate and explained how afterwards the boremay decrease gradually to the' muzzle calibre, and how y the bore mightbe cylindrical for a short sectionv before the muzzle.

Said prior patent also explained that the features above named could beemployed in a ried or partially rifled or asmooth bore barrel, andexplained that the lands bore in a ried barrel should, as Well as thegroove bore, be enlarged in a direction towards the breech chamber endin o ne or more tapers, and also explained that the lands bore couldhave a cylindrically enlarged section at the breech chamber end and a.cylindrical portion at the muzzle end if desired.

In a partially rifled barrel the riding, which extended rearwardly fromthe muzzle, could terminate at any suitable position inY the barrel so-as to leave the enlarged cylindrical portion of the bore in front ofthe breech chamber smooth.

. In prior Patent No. 1,944,885 was described a projectile suitableforuse with the barrell described linl'atent No. 1,944,883 and havingtwo or more spaced annular ductile depressible 50. flanges which stoodout from the projectile body at the commencement of the projectilesmotion,

but were gradually depressed into canelures,

provided one behind each flange to receive the latter when depressed, asthe projectile passed v through thebarrel. The -projectile body was tof,

(Cl. 11R- 26.)

be of substantially the same calibre as (or of slightly less calibrethan) the minimum muzzle calibre of the barrel for which the projectilewas designed. yThe flanges were to take the gas pressure and, seal thebore in the enlarged parts 5 of and throughout the latter, and they werealso intended to take all the lateral strains. set up by the flanks ofthe lands which, when provided. cut into the flanges to cause theprojectile to rotate but do not cut into the body of the prolo jectile.

When a projectile f the kind last referred to is Vpropelled from abarrel enlarged in a direction towards the breech chamber as prviously.described, and especially where the en arge- 15 -ment is rathergreat, say. for example.; in the `order of fty to two hundred or morepercent,

then, just at the commencement of the projectiles movement in thebarrel, as the flanges of the projectile are not a very good lit in the20 latter, some gases of explosion leak into the space denedat the frontand rear by the flanges of the projectile and defined exteriorly by thewalls of the bore of the barrel and interiorly by the body of theprojectile. These gases join the air 25 already in said space. lmostlmmediately'the pressure behind the anges causes these to seal thebarrel perfectly and so air and other gases A are trapped vin the spacebetween the anges. As

the projectile moves through the tapered part of 30 the bore of thebarrel the flanges are depressed by the tapering walls of the barrelbore so that the said space between the flanges gradually decreasesuntil just lprior to the projectile leaving the barrel. This space isexc gly small. 35 Hence the pressure of the gases co ected in the spacebetween the flanges of the projectile gets ever higher and higher, andit has been found in practice that when it is desired to obtainprojectile velocities over about 900 to 1000 40 metres/second thesetrapped gases have the ef fect of blowing off the front,and sometimesYthe I rear, flange of the projectile whilst the latter is in the barrelor at the momentthe projectile leaves the barrel. Sometimes e thesetrapped 45 gases. merely `blow the flanges up again either 1,-'partially or wholiyjust as the projectile leavesj the barrel. Thetrapped gases also otherwise detrimentally affect the projectile auditsperformance, and it is one of the objects of this in- 50 ventiontoeliminate this interference with the projectile and with itsperformance. Another object of 'the invention is generally to improvebulletse'of the flanged kindgrwhilst a further object of the inventionis further to improve the highly successful results obtained withbarrels and projectiles according to prior Patcannelures provided fortheir reception in the body of the projectile, such projectile beingcharacterized by the provision of means, additional to said cannelures,fox the reduction of the pressure of gases -collecting in the spacebetween the iianges of the projectile and which space decreases duringthe passage of the projectile to the muzzle of the'barrel.

By the term reduction of the pressure of gases in the space between theflanges it is not necessarily meant that the gas pressure is reducedbelow the Ainitial pressure but that the ultimate pressure of gasesbetween the flanges late in the progress of the projectile through thebarrel will when this invention is embodied in a projectile be less thanin the case where the present invention is not embodied in theprojectile and when all other conditions are the same in both cases.'I'his provision for the reduction of said gas pressure may be effectedby grooving or recessing the outer surface of the body of the projectilebetween the flanges and additional to said cannelures, or may be eiectedby the formation of passages through the front iiange of the projectileor through the body of the latter so as to permit of the escape of gasesfrom said space betw/een the flanges, or any other suitable formofcavitying or hollowing the projectile externally or internally can beemployed. Moreover any suitable combination of the above named methodsof reducing the gas pressure may be employed.

-It will be appreciated that by using a barrel having an enlarged crosssectional area at the breech chamber end a larger powder charge can beemployed and so greater energy can be given to the projecidle withoutmaterially aiecting the normal gas pressure height within the barrelan'd whilst using a projectile which 'is iinally (as it leaves thebarrel) of more or less normal calibre and of more or less normalsectional density and whilst the barrel is of more or less normalweight. Thus very much higher -per- .formance efficiency' can beobtained, such as for In order that the invention may be more fullyunderstood and readily carried into practice. I' append hereto foursheets of drawings illustrat" ing the various features oi my inventionand certain practical embodiments thereof. It should be understood thatthe drawings are'given by way of illustration only and not by way oflimitation.

Figures 1, 3 to 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 to 17 and 19 to 22 are partlongitudinal cross sectional elevations and part side elevations ofvarious forms of projectile constructed in accordance with thisinvention. Figure 18 is a similar view to Figure 17 but shows theprojectile of Figure 17 after tiring.

Figures 1 amd'3 show the projectile diagrammatically in a rearm barrelconstructed in accordance with Patent No. 1,944,883 previously referredto.

Figure 2 is a cross sectional elevation on line 2-2, Fig. 1, looking inthe direction of the arrows.

Figure 9 is a section on line 9 9, Fig. 8.

Figure 11 is an end elevation of the projectile `shown in Fig. 10,looking in the direction of the arrow A.

Figure 14 is a cross section on line 'I4--I4, Fig.' 5 13, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

The projectile shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a body I having apointed nose 2 and a cylindrical tail 3. The projectile is provided withtwo axially spaced outwardly and backwardly 10 projecting annularflanges respectively marked 4 and 5 and behind each of these flanges isprovided in the body of the projectile an annular cannelure or groove 6,each .serving just wholly. to receive the ilange infront of it when thelat- 15 ter is depressed.

The projectile shown in Figure 1 is primarily intended for ring from abarrel constructed as described above and which is rifledand has `at thebreech chamber end a portion of enlarged 20 diameter, both in regard tothe groove bore and the lands bore, such enlarged portion beingsubstantially cylindrical and extending along the barrel over that partthereof in which the gas pressures are at their highest values. 25

When the projectile is inserted in the barrel in a position for firingthe rear flange 5 abuts the rear ends 1 of the rear ends of the lands 8of the barrel 9 and the rear flange 5 is of such a diameter that it is aslightly forcing fit in the 30 groove bore I0, whereas thefront flange 4is of smaller diameter and is either exactly the same diameter as thelands bore -II or a very slight forcing t therein.

It will be seen that the space I2 between the 35 flanges 4 and 5communicates, during the earlier A parts of the ilight of the projectilewith the spaces infront o1' thc projectile via the grooves between thelands 8, into which the front ilange does not initially project. Hence,during the 40 earlier parts at least of the travel of the projectile,the gases which have collected in the space" or chamber I2 can escapethrough the spaces between the vlands and over the edges of the frontange 4. A Y

- ".'I'he gases collected in the chamber I2 at the beginning of theprojectiles movement are air which is initially present between theflanges of the projectile and gases which leak past the rear ange of theprojectile at the'.very beginning 0350 the ring phenomenon. l

Further to facilitate the escape of gases from the space I2 theprojectile is, as shown in Figurel 1, 'provided with a plurality ofradial circumferentially spaced passages I3 (in addition to 55 makingthe ange4 less in diameter than ange- 5) each communicating vwith aforwardly extending passage I4 which opens at its front endI I5 in thenose 2,-of the projecti1e.` The passages I3 open into the cannelure B,behind -the front 60 flange..

It will be seen that as the space or chamber I2 gradually decreases involume and particularly in radial width as the projectile moves down thetapered part of the barrel Il of the rearxn 65 gases atrst escape fromthe chamber I 2 4both by way of passages I3 and I 4V and over the edgeof the front ilange 4 and between the lands 8 of the barrel.Subsequently when the ange 4 has been cut in to by the lands and theange is bearing on the base' of the grooves or the bore theescape of gasfrom chamber I2 takes place solely through the passages I3 and I4.

By this means,. such trapped gases as may be left between flanges 4 and5 of the projectile g5' forward ilange4 is of the same diameter as the.

10 rear ilange 5 and when the projectile is inserted into the barrel itis'the forward iiange that initially bears against the end I of thelands 3. Also in this projectile instead of the radial passages I3opening into the'front cannelures 6 they open into the space I2betweenjthe flanges 4 and 5 inthe part of the cylindrical intermediatebody portion `I6`of'the projectile. Thus the passages I3 are open to thevery last and the flow of gases to these passages is not in any wayrestricted by the down-folding of the front flange 4 of the projectile.

v 'I'he projectile shownin Figure 4 differs from the one shown in Fig. 1mainly in that the passages I3 communicate with a common central axialbore 2l with which the projectile is provided, and which is closed atits rear end and open at the nose 2 of the projectile.

Also the passagesv I3 open at the front end of the cylindrical portionI6 of the body instead 30 of in the cannelure 6.

modification of the projectile illustrated in Figure 3 and theprojectile has a series of radial passages I3 obliquely disposed withrespect to the axis ofthe projectile and each of which communicates atits inner end with a longitudinal passage I8' extending from the passageI3 to the rear of the projectile. Thecpassages I3 open at thecylindrical part I6 of the projectile as shown. The flanges 4 and 5 ofthe projectile shown in Figure are of equal diameter.

Figure 6 shows a projectile very similar to that shown in Fig. 5 but inthis case the oblique passages I`3 open into the frontcannelure 6 of the45 projectile inseadvo'fl in the cylindrical part I6 thereof.

sages I3 are closed by a detachable valve plate I8 sunken 'into the tail3 of the projectile and which valve is adapted to be; blown open whenthe gasv pressure between the anges 4 and 5 exceeds the gas pressurebehind the projectile. Figure 'I shows a projectile somewhat similar tothat shown in Figure 4 but in which the bore I1 is replaced by arearwardly extending bore 20 which opens at the rear oftheprojectilelnstead of at the front. 'I'his figure also illustrates howthe passages 'I3 may be 'arranged in different cross sections of'theprojectile.

In order that the pressure acting on the rear end of `the projectile inthe moment of ilring shall not be reduced by escaping of the gases fromthe space behind the projectile through the passages 23 and I3 and pastthe ilange 4, (whichA is less in diameter than the rear ilange 5 and sodoes not flt initially closely to the bore of the barrel) -to the spacein front of the projectile, the passage 2l is closed at the rear bymeans of a valveplate I3 (similarto that described with reference tovFigure 6) opening outwardly. This plate will remainin position-'as longas the propelling pros- Qsure on the.rearend of the projectile isgreater than thelpressure of the trapped gases. When,l on the other.hand,'the latter pressure lbecomes the greater. the valve plate ispressed oil its seat,

'island'the space between the ilangesthereafter' 'In Figure 5 is shown aprojectne wmch'is a Moreover, the rear ends of the pascommunicatesdirectly with the space behind the projectile.

Figures 8 and 9 show respectively how the passages I3 may be arrangedobliquely to the axis of the projectile and, how a projectile having arearwardly extending passage 20 need not necessarily have a valve I9 ifthe front iiange 4 is not less in diameter than the rear ange because inthe latter the gases will not be able to escape past the front flange toany appreciable extent because after the rst moment of ring the 4 frontflange ts closely in the bore. Figure 9 also shows how the passages I3may be more or' less tangential to the passage 20, and these passages I3in such a case would be designed ,to discharge the gases in the oppositerotational direction to that in which the. projectile turns when red.

Figures 10 and 1l show how. if desired, either in a projectile havingfront and rear anges of equal-diameters: means may be provided in thefront flange for enabling gases collecting in the space I2 to escape,suchmeans comprising two or more passages2| formed in the iront ,flange4so as to extend from the front face of the latter to the cannelure 6 atthe rear of the flange. In

addition, any of the other devices herein described, for reducing thegas pressure between the flanges for example the radial passages I3 andforwardly extending passages I4, may be employed in this construction ofprojectilein addition to the passages 2| in the front iiange 4.`

Figure 12 shows a modification of the projectile illustrated in Figures10 and 11 in which, in this case, the front 'ange 4 is of the samediameter as the rear flange 5 instead of being of less diameter than thelatter as iny the construction illustrated in Figure 10 and the passagesI3 and 22 are omitted. v j

Figures 13 and 14 show a modification of the projectile shown in Fig-ure1, in which the passages I3 communicate with a peripheral groove 24provided at the base of the cannelure 6 behind the front flange. Inthisway, the'pr'essure in all of the passages I3 is equalizedby reason ofthese passages still beingt in` communication with one, another when thefront flange 4 is depressed into its cannelure.

' Figure 15 shows a projectile very similar to that illustrated inFigures 13 and 14 but'in this lies in contact or substantially incontact with the bore of the barrel.

lAnother method o f reducing or obviating 4the` detrimental effectscreated by obtaining high. gas pressure in the space between a pair ofprojectile -flanges is shown in Figure 16 and comprises in providing aprojectile (having the front l ilange 4 lessvin diameter than the rearflange i as in the projectile shown in Figure 1)v with; an annularcavity or recess 23 in the cylindrical part I6 thereof.. whichrecessformsan annular enlargement ofthe space in which the trapped gases. (i.e. those which do not escape over the front flange and between thelands) are housed and in which theyare not very considerably com-lpressed.A lTo facilitate the passage of the4 trapped u e,

YCI

gases behind the foremost ange 4 tothe recess 26, the diameterof theprojectile may, at 21, be'

the flanges would attains. very high anddangerous pressure as theprojectile passes down the` barrel because the space in which they arehoused would become. extremely smallandy at ythe most would only be aradially very narrow annular space. On the other hand, where the grooveor cavity 26 or its yequivalent is provided these trapped gases arehoused in a greater space than that just referred to even at the momentbefore the bullet leavesfthebarrel land therefore the trapped gases areat a considerably less pressure than would be the, case if the groove orcavity were' not provided andi! no other means of escape were provided.

Figure 17 illustrates a projectile somewhat similar to that shown inFigure 16, but in this case the` front and rear flanges 4 and 5 are ofequaldiameter and all the gases trapped between these flanges areretainedduring the movement of the projectile through the barrel,between the flanges but the pressure of these trapped gases is keptsufficiently low as not to be harmful to the performance `of theprojectile. This is attained by providing the groove 28circumferentially aroundthebody I of the projectile between the frontand rear flanges 4 and. 5 and by makf ing this groove 28 of dimensionssuitable for the 'purpose rabove indicated for any given calibre. 'Thegroove 28 is preferably made shallow and wide and without corners, asshown in the drawings, so asfto interfere to the/minimum degree with theperformance of the'projectiley after itv leaves the barrel.

A projectile constructed in accordance rwith Figures 16 or 17 is simpleand relatively inexpensive to manufacture and is very eflicient inaction. Y

Figure 18 shows the projectile illustrated in Figure 17 after it hasbeen fired and from this figure it will be seen that the flanges 4. andwhen folded down fill the cannelures 5, 6.

Figure 19 shows a projectile in all respects like that shown in Figure17 with the exception that an annular groovev 3l of shallow V-shapedcross section replaces the groove 28 of curved cross section shown inFigure 17.

Figure 20 shows how -the grooves 28 and 3| of Figures 17 and 19respectively .can be replaced by a groove 32 of shallow rectangularcross section.

Figure 21- shows how the simple annular circumferential grooves 28, 3land 32 can be replaced by a helical groove 35.

Figure 22 illustrates how grooves 28.- 3I.' 32

and 35 can' be replaced by a plurality of smaller In practice it isfound that a projectile con structed in accordance with Figure 16 or.Figure -17 gives excellent results and attains the object in view.l'I'he construction showr in Figure 19 attains the same result toalmostthe same degree vand these three constructions are the ones preferredbut 'very good results can be obtained with the other constructionsillustrated in the drawings and particularly those ywith either passagesin the front ange as shown for example in Fig-r ure 12 or rearwardlyextending passages as shown for example inFigure'Z or 8. Althoughprojectiles with passages extendingforwardly through the body alsoproduce the desired result they are not .so desirable in practice as theother projectiles illustrated and refer-red tobecause of eddy currentsthat the open passage endsin the front of yther projectile are liable tocreate.

It will be understood that where the forward f flange or flanges is orare of smaller diameter than the rear flange or flanges. the forwardflange or flanges gradually cut into the lands iny a rifled barrelasxthe projectile moves forwardly through the barrel.' The rate at whichthe forrear flange may be employed whether the forward f flange issmaller than the rear flange or not.

' f In the cases of projectiles having one or more passages therethroughthe shapes of the openings to the passages provided in the projectiles,espe'f a f ycially the passages opening into the -ilank of the point ofthe projectile. or intoanyy part-of they projectile in front of theforemost flange. may be f given any desired or suitable cross sectionalshape and. may also be coveredv by graphite, wax, cere,- sine, etc..which will be driven out by the expelled gases.

The cross sectional. area of the respective pas sagesand the number of.these passages and/or the vol lentrjec ss or groove or recesses orgrooves should. be regulated in relation to the volume and the` pressureof the gases to be disposed oil, as well as in accordance with thetime-factor, i. e. the time within which' the expulsion of the gases hastobe eected, and also in accordance with the varying conditions, and therespective resistance which is offered under the varying conditions tothis expulsion'orblowing out of the gases. It

will be appreciated that the resistance offered is differentV in thecase of expulsion in a forwarde or volumes of'said annular orequivadirection, to the resistance in the case of expulsion to the rearof the projectile. A

It will be appreciated that this .invention by -providing for the escapeof rgases which otherwise would be trapped or for reducing lthe pressureof such gases, decreases the resistance of the projectile anges todepression. Aeliminates or decreases the possibility of the flangesbeing partially or wholly blown up on the projectile leaving' thefirearm barrel, and generally materially contributes to an improvedperformanceon the partof the projectiles.

What is claimed is: -j 1. A projectile for-firearms comprising a. body,axially spaced depressible flanges on said body and. projecting.outwardly and. rearwardly therefrom, a cannelure behind each of saidflanges adapted to receive such parts of the latter as are pressedthereinto as the projectile passes through the barrel of vthe firearm.'and means adapted to reduce the pressure of gases collecting between theflanges of the projectile duringl the period that the 'latter is in thebarrel. 2. A projectile for firearms comprising a bqdy,

axially spaced depressible peripheral flanges on 75 said body andprojecting outwardly and rearwardly therefrom, a cannelure behind eachof said flanges adapted to receive such parts .of the latter as arepressed thereinto as the projectile passes through the barrel of theiirearm, and said body being cavitied, additionally to said cannelures,in order to effect a reduction of the pressure of gases collectedbetween the flanges of the projectile during the period that the latteris in the barrel.

3. A'projectile for firearms comprising a body axially spaced.depressible peripheral anges on said body and projecting outwardly andrearwardly therefrom, a cannelure behind each of said ilanges adapted toreceive such parts of the latter as are pressed thereinto as theprojectile passes through the barrel of the irearm, and the said bodybeing recessed, additionally to and independently of said cannelures, atits periphery between the ilanges,

4. A projectile for rearmscomprising a body, axially spaced depressibleperipheral anges on said body and projecting outwardly andre'arwardlytherefrom, a cannelure behind each of said flanges adapted toreceive such parts of the latter as are pressed thereinto as theprojectile passes through the 'barrel' oi the iirearm, and said bodyalsohaving in its surface, and between successive ilanges, a Arecessextending around the body.l

5. A projectile for rearms comprising a body, axially spaced depressibleperipheral flanges on said body and projecting outwardly and rearwardlytherefrom, a cannelure behind each of saidrflanges adapted to receivesuch parts of the latter as are pressed thereinto as the projectile'passes through the barrel of the rearm, and said body also having inits outer surface, and between successive anges, an annular grooveextending completely around the'body. l 6. A projectile for iirearmscomprising a body, a pair of axially spaced depressible peripheralflanges on said body, such flanges being of the same diameter as oneanother and each projecting outwardly and rearwardly from the body, acannelure `-behind each of said flanges adapted to receive such parts ofthe latter as are pressed thereinto as the projectile passes through thebarrel of the irearm, .and the said body being rebody cessed,independently of said cannelures, at its periphery between said anges.

'1. A projectile for iirearms comprising a body, a pair of axiallyspaced depressible peripheral iianges on said body, such anges being ofthe 55 same diameter as one another and each pro- .jecting outwardly andrearwardly fromthe body, 'a cannelure behind each of said anges adaptedto receive such parts of the latter as are pressed vthereinto as `theprojectile passes through the barrel of thevrearm, and the bodyhavingbetween the ilanges agroove extending around the ing outwardlyandrearwardl'y from the body, a

cannelure behindfeafch of said iianges adapted to receive such of thelatter as are pressed thereinto asi tli-n projectile .DaSSeS through thebarrel of therearm, and the body having `between the ilanges acontinuous annularrecess of. curved i "f .cross section. 1

Aprojectile for comprising a body,

or muy spaced depressible Pperipneml means..

barrel of the' rearm, the body having between the flanges a continuousannular recess which is wide in relation to its depth and is of curvedcross section.

- 10. A projectile for iirearms comprising a body, a pair of axiallyspaced peripheral outwardly and rearwardly extending flanges on` saidbody, a

' cannelure behind each of said flanges adapted to receive such liangeswhen pressed down as the projectile passes through the barrel of thelirearm, the rorward iiange of the pair being of smaller diameter thanthe other ange, and the said body being recessed, independently oi saidcannelures, at its periphery between said anges.

11. A projectile for ilrearms comprising a body,

a pair of axially spaced peripheral outwardly and rearwardly extendingflanges on said body, thel forward flange of the pair being of smallerdiameter than the other flange, and the body having between the flangesa groove extending around the body.

12. A projectile for firearms comprising a body, a pair, oi!A axiallyspaced peripheral outwardly and rearwardly extending flanges on saidbody, the forward iiange of the pair being of smaller diameter than theother ange, thefbody having-between the flanges a continuous annularrecess oi' curved cross section.

13. A projectile for iirearms comprising a body, axially spaceddepressible peripheralflanges on said body and projecting,A outwardlyand rearwardly therefrom, a` cannelure behind each of said anges adaptedto receive such parts of the latter as are pressed thereinto as theprojectile passes through the barrel of the firearm, and saidbody/having passage means therethrough, such` passage meanscommunicating with the exterior or the body at an end thereof and beyondsaid anges and also communicating with the space orl spaces betweensuccessive ilanges.

14. A projectile for iirearms comprising a body, axially spaceddepressible peripheral anges of equal diameter on said body andprojecting outwardly and rearwardly therefrom, a cannelure behind eachof said flanges adapted to receivesuch parts of the latter as arepressed thereinto as the projectile passes through the barrel of therearm, and said body having passage means therethrough,- such passagemeans communicating at'onel end-with the exterior of the .projectile andin addition having inwardly extending passages transverse to theaxis ofthe projectile and communicating with the space between a pair ofsuccessive ilanges vand also communicating with longitudinal passagemeans -provided in the said body, and said longitudinal passage meansbeing adapted to discharge behind the rear flange -oi the projectile,and anppenablevalve adapted to close temporarily the rear end of said e16. A projectile for rearms comprising a body, axially spaceddepressible peripheral fianges on said body and projecting outwardly andback--Y ing passage means formed through apart thereof and such passagemeans communicating with the space between a pair of said axially spacedflanges and also communicating with the space beyond these anges.

' FRANKA GERLICH,

Admnstratri of the state of Hermann E. G. T.y

Gerlich, Deceased.

